ABC Score for Massive Transfusion
ABC Score 大量輸血預測
Penetrating mechanism
Systolic BP ≤90 in ED
HR ≥120 in ED
Positive FAST
來源：MDCalc；Nunez TC, Voskresensky IV, Dossett LA, Shinall R, Dutton WD, Cotton BA. Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)? J Trauma. 2009 Feb;66(2):346-52. PubMed PMID: 19204506.
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1228/abc-score-massive-transfusion
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1228/abc-score-massive-transfusion
NEXUS Head CT Instrument
NEXUS Head CT 準則
Age ≥65 years
Evidence of significant skull fracture
Scalp hematoma
Neurologic deficit
Altered level of alertness
Abnormal behavior
Coagulopathy
Persistent vomiting
Pittsburgh Knee Rules
Pittsburgh 膝關節準則
來源：MDCalc；Seaberg DC and Jackson R. Clinical decision rule for knee radiographs. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 1994; 12(5): 541-3.
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1042/pittsburgh-knee-rules
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1042/pittsburgh-knee-rules
Rule of Nines
九則法 Rule of Nines 燒傷面積
TBSA affected by burns = Σ(BSA of individual affected body parts)
Head and face
Torso
Back
Right arm
Left arm
Genital area
Right leg
Left leg
來源：MDCalc；Wallace AB. The exposure treatment of burns. The Lancet. 1951;257(6653):501-504.
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10568/rule-nines
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10568/rule-nines
STUMBL/Battle Score
STUMBL / Battle 肋骨骨折評分
來源：MDCalc；Battle C, Hutchings H, Lovett S, et al. Predicting outcomes after blunt chest wall trauma: development and external validation of a new prognostic model. Crit Care. 2014;18(3):R98.
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10468/stumbl-battle-score
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10468/stumbl-battle-score
Canadian C-Spine Rule
Canadian C-Spine Rule 頸椎影像決策
來源：原始論文；Stiell IG, Wells GA, Vandemheen KL, Clement CM, Lesiuk H, De Maio VJ, Laupacis A, Schull M, McKnight RD, Verbeek R, Brison R, Cass D, Dreyer J, Eisenhauer MA, Greenberg GH, MacPhail I, Morrison L, Reardon M, Worthington J. The Canadian C-sp
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/696/canadian-c-spine-rule
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/696/canadian-c-spine-rule
Canadian CT Head Injury/Trauma Rule
Canadian CT Head Rule 頭部 CT 決策
來源：MDCalc；Stiell IG, Wells GA, Vandemheen K, Clement C, Lesiuk H, Laupacis A, McKnight RD, Verbeek R, Brison R, Cass D, Eisenhauer ME, Greenberg G, Worthington J. The Canadian CT Head Rule for patients with minor head injury. Lancet. 2001 May 5;357(9
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/608/canadian-ct-head-injury-trauma-rule
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/608/canadian-ct-head-injury-trauma-rule
Modified Denver Criteria for Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury (BCVI)
Modified Denver 準則（鈍性腦血管損傷 BCVI）
Le Fort II or III fracture
Basilar skull fracture with carotid canal involvement
Diffuse axonal injury with GCS <6
Cervical spine fracture patterns
Near-hanging with anoxic brain injury
來源：MDCalc；Cothren CC, Moore EE, Biffl WL, et al. Anticoagulation is the gold standard therapy for blunt carotid injuries to reduce stroke rate. Arch Surg. 2004;139(5):540-546.
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10653/modified-denver-criteria-bcvi
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/10653/modified-denver-criteria-bcvi
New Orleans/Charity Head Trauma/Injury Rule
New Orleans 頭部 CT 準則
Applicability｜適用性條件（全部必答）
Headache
Vomiting
Age > 60
Alcohol or drug intoxication
Persisent anterograde amnesia (short-term memory deficits)
Visible trauma above the clavicle
Seizure
NEXUS Chest CT Decision Instrument for CT Imaging
NEXUS Chest CT 準則
Abnormal chest X-ray
Distracting injury
Chest wall, sternum, thoracic spine, or scapular tenderness
Rapid deceleration mechanism
來源：MDCalc；需人工判斷
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/3815/nexus-chest-ct-decision-instrument-ct-imaging
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/3815/nexus-chest-ct-decision-instrument-ct-imaging
NEXUS Chest Decision Instrument for Blunt Chest Trauma
NEXUS Chest 鈍性胸傷影像準則
Age >60 years
Rapid deceleration mechanism
Chest pain
Intoxication
Altered mental status
Distracting painful injury
Tenderness to chest wall palpation
來源：MDCalc；需人工判斷
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/2075/nexus-chest-decision-instrument-blunt-chest-trauma
MDCalc：https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/2075/nexus-chest-decision-instrument-blunt-chest-trauma